Hydrocarbon-motor.



S. D. WALDON.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1912 Patented Mar. 4, 1913.

' a citizen of the United States, and resident M siderable power at low speeds,

' produce UNITED STATEd FTENT @FFKQE.

SIDNEY D. WALDON, 015 DETROIT, MIGHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A'CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON-MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. at, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIDNEY D. WALDoN,

of Detroit, Wayne county, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to oiling systems for hydrocarbon motors and particularly-to the oil pump and the means for operating and controlling or regulating the same.

Hydrocarbon motors of the type used on motor vehicles are usually built to operate at between 150 and 2,000 revolutions per minute, and it is necessary that the working.

parts of the motor shall be provided with oil when the motor is turning over at its minimum speed as well as atl. its maximum, though of course less oil is necessary at the lower speeds and lower powers than at higher speeds and higher powers. It is therefore necessary that the oiling system of such a motor shall be absolutely certain in its operation at all speeds, and the quantity of oil fed or the pressure under which it is fed to the bearings, or both, should increase with the power developed in the motor. As this type of motor is capable of developing conand, on the other hand, is often driven at high speeds while developing little power, it is obvious that the motor will sometimes get too much oil and at others too little if the volume of oil fed to the motor is in direct proportion to the speed thereof.

It is the object of the present invention to an oiling system for hydrocarbon motors in which the pump that delivers the oil to the motor is operated at a given rate of speed in relation to the speed of the motor and the output or delivery of the pump is influenced more or less at the various motor speeds by means which are controlled by the amount of power developed by the, motor, thus insuring a positive feed of oil to the motor at all times and greater or less in quantity according to the power the motor is developing at any given time. This system permits the use of either a plunger pump delivering oil to the motor in measured quantities, or a gear pump delivering oil constantly under pressure to the various bearings of the motor, and in either case the delivery of the pump is governed by a piston or diaphragmor equivalent device which is acted upon by the pressures within the motor cylinder, which pressures are of course in direct relation to the power developed by the motor.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a motor and pump operated thereby with the various connections between the motor and pump; Fig. 2 is a sectional view through a plunger pump and a fragment of the motor cylinder; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing another form of the invention; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2 of the form of the invention shown in Fig. 3.

-The form of invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 will first be described. A hydrocarbon motor 10 is shown with two pairs of cylinders 11, and attached to one of the cylinders so that it communica-tes with the combustion space thereof is a small cylinder 12 in which there is a piston 13 actuated in one direction by a spring 1i which abuts against an adjustable cap 15 on the outer end of the cylinder 12. A restricted passage 16 forms the connection between the interior of the cylinder 12 and the motor cylinder as shown particularly in Fig. 2. Thus it will be seen that the explosion pressure in the motor cylinder 11 will be conveyed to the cylinder 12 and act upon the piston 13 against the spring 14, thus positioning the piston 13 in direct relation to the cylinder explosion pressure. It will be further understood that the cylinder explosion pressure is practically in direct relation to the power developed by the motor, presuming of course that all of the cylinders of a multi-cylinder motor are firing equally.

In Figs. 1 and 2 an oil pump of the plunger type is shown similar to that illustrated in patent to Russell Huff No. 844,360, issued February 19, 1907. This pump comprises a plunger 17, which is continuousl reciproe cated by an eccentric 18 operate by gear 19 and wo-rm'20 on shaft 21. Shaft 21 may be connected with the motor crank shaft through any suitable gear as illustrated at 22, 23 and 24 in Fig. 1. The pump is also provided with a distributing valve 25, which is intermittently operated by the mutilated gears 26 and 27, so that one stroke of the plunger 17 delivers oil through the pipe 28 to the forward compartment of the crank case of the motor 10, and the following stroke delivers oil through the pipe 29 to the rear compartment of the crank case. The exact form of the pump is immaterial, however, provided its delivery is adjustable as is the pump illustrated herein. The length of the stroke of the plunger 17 is adjustableby means of the stem. 30, which determines the amount of lost motion of the eccentric rod 31 in the slot 32 of the plunger. As shown in Fig. 2, the stem 30 has about half closed the slot 32 so that there is only slight lost motion of the'eccentric rod 31, but if the .piston 13 should be moved to the right in Fig.2 by an increase of pressure in the motor cylinder 11, the rack 33 connected to the piston 13 through the rod 34 'would rotate the stem 30 through the gear 35 on the upper end thereof and thereby take up the remainder of the lost motion in the slot 32 so that the plunger 17 would be operated its full stroke by the eccentric 18. Should the piston 13 be moved to the left in Fig. 2 by a decrease of pressure in the motor cylinder 11,; and the consequent action of the spr'ng 14, the rack 33 would rotate the stem 30 in the opposite direction through. the gear 35 and further increase the lost motion in the slot 32, thus decreasing the stroke of the plunger 17 and consequently decreasing the quantity of oil delivered at each stroke of said plungerj From the above it will be observed that the pump is operated by the motor in direct relation to the speed thereof, whereas the volume of oil delivered at each stroke of the pump is influenced or controlled by the pressure in the motor cylinder which is in direct relation to the power of the motor irrespective of the speed.

The form of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4 will now be described. The motor 10, its cylinders 11 and the cylinder 12 are the same as in Figs. 1 and 2. The gears 50 and 51 operate a gear pump 52 which draws oil from the bottom of the motor crank case 53 through pipe 54 and delivers it under pressure through pipe 55 to the various bearings 56 of the motor. Thus a constant stream of oil under pressure is delivered to the mot-or and without further mechanism than that already describedthe volume and pressure of oil would increase with the speed of the motor. In order that the delivery of oil from the pump 52 may be influenced or controlled to some extent by the power of the motor as distinguished from the speed, a needle valve 57 is provided in the outlet of the pump, which needle valve is opened and closed by the piston in the cylinder 12 through its rod 34 and rack 33 and gear 35. This valve 57 therefore corresponds to the stem 30 of the form of invention shown in Fig. 2. It will be seen that the needle valve 57, through the left hand thread 58, is opened as the pressure in the cylinder 12 increases and closed as it decreases, thus giving a greater volume ofoil asthe power of the motor is greater. With the motor running fast and idle, there will of course be very little pressure in the cylinders, and consequently the valve 57 will be practically closed, but the pump 52 will be operating near its maximum. Under these conditions a relief valve 59 is provided at the outlet side of the pump 52 and a' return passage 60 permits the excess oil to by-pass back to the intake side of the pump.

It will be understood that the above described constructions are typical only of the invention and that various other constructions may be employed to accomplish the same purpose and still be within the scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: v

1. In a hydrocarbon motor, 'the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, means to convey the oil under pressure from the pump to the working parts of the motor, and means for driving the pump from the motor indirect relation to the speed thereof, of means controlled by the power developed in the motor cylinder for influencing thedelivery of said pump.

2. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, means to convey the oil under. pressure from the pump to the working parts of the motor, and means for driving the pump from the motor in direct relation to the speed'thereof, of means acting in direct relation to the power developed by the motor for influencing the delivery of said pump.

3. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, conduits for conveying the oil from the pump to the working parts of the motor, and means for gearing the pump to the motor crank shaft whereby it is driven in direct relation to the speed of the motor, of means controlled by the cylinder explosion pressure for governing the delivery of said pump.

4. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, a mechanical oil pump connected therewith, and conduits for conveying the oil under pressure from the pump to the working parts of the motor, of 120 mechanical means for operating said pump from the motor crank shaft whereby the pump is'constantly driven in direct relatioh to the speed of the motor, and means controlled by the power developed in the motor for governing the delivery of said pump.

5. In a hydrocarbon motor, thecombination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, and conduits for conveying the oil to the working parts of the motor,

pump.

6. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, a pump connected therewith, conduits for conveying the oil from the pump to the working parts of the motor, and. means for operating the pump,

of means acted upon directly by the motor cylinder explosion pressure for influencing the delivery of said pump.

7. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, a pump connected therewith, conduits for conveying the oil from the pump tothe working parts of the motor, and means for operating the pump,

of a piston or diaphragm acted upon by the,

pressure in ,the motor cylinder, and means connecting said piston or diaphragm with.

the pump for governing the latter. I

8. In a hydrocarbon-motor, thecombination with an oil supply, an oil ump connected therewith, and conduits or conveying the oil to the working parts of the motor, of means for operating the pump from the a motor crank shaft whereby the speed of the pump is in direct relation to the speed of the motor, and means controlled'by the power of the motor for regulating the-delivery of the pump at a given speed. 9. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, means to convey the oil under pressure from the pump to the working parts of the motor, means for driving the pump from the motor in relation to the speed thereof, and a valve in the conveying means, of means controlled by the power developed in the motor cylinder for influencing the function of said valve.

' 10. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, means to convey the oil under pressure from the pump to the workingparts of the motor, means for driving the pump from the motor in relatlon to the speed thereof, and a valve in the conveying means, of means acting in relation to the power developedby the motor for influencing'the function of said valve.

11. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, aconduit for conveylng the oil from the pump to the working parts of the motor,means for gearingthe pump to the motor crank shaft whereby it is driven in relation to the speed of the motor, and a valve in ,said conduit, of means controlled by the power developed by the motor for determiningthe position of said valve.

12. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with an oil supply, an oil pump connected therewith, a conduit for convey ng the oil, from the pump'to certain work1n parts of the motor, a valve in said 0OI1d111 a second conduit/for taking the-delivery of said pump when the valve is closed, and means for operating the pump from the motor in relation to the speed thereof, of means acting in relation to the power developed by the motor for determining the position of said valve.

In testimony .whereof I aifix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

SIDNEY D. WALDON.

' Witnesses:

W. H. FINcKiiL, Jr., G. A. Scrrnonnnn. 

